Friday, April 20, 2012

Titus 1:10-13


Titus 1:10-13
10For there are many rebellious men, empty talkers and deceivers, especially those of the circumcision, 11who must be silenced because they are upsetting whole families, teaching things they should not teach for the sake of sordid gain.  12One of themselves, a prophet of their own, said, "Cretans are always liars, evil beasts, lazy gluttons."  13This testimony is true. For this reason reprove them severely so that they may be sound in the faith,

False Teachers
Paul has greeted Titus (Titus 1:1-4), and has given the requirements for elders (Titus 1:5-9) and now he is starting a new topic.  This section tells us, in great part, WHY the office of elder is so important, and WHY the word has standards for the character and equipment/gifting of the elders.  This section is about false teachers.  We must remember that in verse 9 Paul told us that elders need to be “holding fast the faithful word as he has been taught, that he may be able, by sound doctrine, both to exhort and convict those who contradict.”  This is to say that elders have to be steeped in the Word, and well trained in solid doctrine so that they can see the heresies of the world, of the culture and of other so called “Christian Teachers.” 
            The elder needs to be in conflict with the cultural compromises made towards popular psychology (a man centered view of life, giving lies about “self-esteem” and “emotional conditions”) , the church growth movements (popular movements that try to make it seem like the focus of Churches should be to get more people in the door, rather than equip those who are already there), and the “prosperity gospel” (the belief that following God and being a Christian will result in material gain, or any sort of financial stability.)  The elder needs to have an eye out to dispel these lies, and fight for the truth of the Word of God.  Boldly teaching, not afraid that some will leave, not afraid of losing his job because he didn’t keep people happy, but boldly teaching Word of God.  ESPECIALLY when it is uncomfortable!

Verse 10
For there are many rebellious men, empty talkers and deceivers, especially those of the circumcision,

The Three Characteristics
Paul puts forth three common characteristics of these types of men.  He says they are: 
1 - Rebellious - This word can mean disobedient or unsubjected.  This word is indicating that these teachers are of the kind of character that does not recognize authority.  They are rebellious against the Word of God.
2 - Empty Talkers - The Greek word here is anupotaktos.  This word has the idea of empty, or fruitless and aimless chatter.  Zodhaites writes: “It is building houses on sand, chasing the wind, shooting at stars, pursuing one’s own shadow.”[1]  There is a self-centeredness implied in this.  These are those who want to have endless empty discussion or complaint time.  They are not doing anything edifying or constructive; they are only making a wasteful clamber.
3 - Deceivers - this comes from the word phrenapates.  It is made up of the two words: the word for “mind” and the word for “deceive.”  So these are people who are those who will try to lie to the mind of people.  In this context it can often mean people who have lied so much, or been lied to so much, that they BELIEVE the lies that they are telling.  It is possible for someone to be a deceiver who does not believe that they are lying!

circumcision
“Those of the circumcision” refers to those who followed Paul around trying to convince the gentiles that believed in Jesus because of Paul’s teaching that they had to be circumcised and obey Jewish Law to be saved.  These were the people that Paul wrote against in Galatians and in Philippians 3:2: warning them to “beware of those dogs, those mutilators of the flesh.” These are the people that were trying to make Christians who are saved by grace alone through faith alone obey the Law.  These people are still in our midst.  These days they do not demand circumcision, but they make new laws and legalisms for the Church to follow, claiming “you are not saved unless…”  or “you aren’t going to be sanctified until…” Legalism is still, as it was then, one of the most venomous and lethal influences that can destroy a church body.

Verse 11
who must be silenced because they are upsetting whole families, teaching things they should not teach for the sake of sordid gain

must be silenced
This is an imperative.  It’s not, “if you can…” or “try your best to…” nor is it “please ask them to stop nicely…” This is like a teacher in a classroom, or a judge in a court of Law, commanding someone to be silent at once!  The word in Greek here is epistomizo.  It is another compound word combining the words for “over” or “cover” and the word for “mouth.”  So literally it would read “cover their mouths.”  Or “shove something in their mouths.”  Paul is not using childish language, nor polite language.  This is his charge to elders: not to baby these types of people but to silence them. 
    Here we see again that the elder is not to be a just a “nice guy.” Nor is he to be the passive kind friend to bring your problems too.  He is supposed to be tough, and tell things like they are, according to the Word of God, regardless of the consequences.  This is also further evidence that our vision of “tolerance” is not to be accepted in the realm of different doctrines.  Here again it is clear that the church is not to be a hodgepodge of “some say this and some say that” but rather to be clinging to God’s truth in a clear and uniform way.

are upsetting
This word in the Greek means literally “to overturn, or to turn upside-down.”  These teachers aren’t just causing minor problems.  These false teachers are destroying groups of people.  Many “pastors” today will take a liberal view of doctrine trying to view it as unimportant.  Paul is very clear:  Bad teaching is turning WHOLE HOUSEHOLDS UPSIDE-DOWN.  They are confusing people.  This is something that we take for granted in our culture.  Bad information destroys people.  Legalistic teaching, if tolerated, will destroy believers and keep them from “growing in the grace and knowledge of the Lord Jesus Christ.  Paul is serious about this because it is the difference between the church fulfilling the purpose of bringing glory to God in the world through bringing believers to maturity, and believers who fall from grace and become useless to the Lord.  The elders need to be in conflict with this!

families
The word translated “family” here is literally “houses.”  It could very well mean that families were being thrown into confusion by these false teachers and idle talkers.  However, at this time church meetings were also held in a person’s house as well.  This could also take on the meaning that entire house-churches were being thrown into confusion as well, because of the elders’ lack of Scriptural training (understanding).  Notice also how high the stakes are: these houses are being destroyed, people are being denied the opportunity to behold the Lord Jesus Christ and be transformed from glory to glory.  Understand now, the stakes are HIGH.  If someone misunderstands their toaster instructions and thinks that the pictures mean that it meant to be used in the bathtub there is going to be a serious problem.  The spiritual problems are even more real, and broken fellowship (not relationship) with the Lord can be the result.

the sake of sordid gain
So they are teaching things that they should not be teaching.  Bad things, wrong things, or things that are not consistent with Scripture, things that are not found in Scripture.  They are teaching these things to get money.  “Sordid” here means “shameful and repulsive.”  So it is dirty gain, it is disgusting profit.  There are countless popular speakers getting paid a fortune to go from church to church with their popular lies.  Their money, their gain, is forever stained.
            The pastor who is preaching to make his congregation happy should beware of this message.  If he is not boldly proclaiming the Word of God regardless of what the people want, regardless of what gets more people in the door, then he is merely trying to keep his job.  He is not accountable to men, he is accountable to God.  By subjecting himself to the authority of his congregation he is disobeying the word of God, and doing his congregation no service at the same time.  Any pastor or elder “preaching” happy, non-threatening little “sermonettes” on Sundays is watering down God’s Word, for the sake of his own filthy gain.
            Additionally, the pastor using legalism in this form or that, one way or the other arm twist people into giving more money, or participate in the church is repulsive.  This is a great temptation to church leaders as guilt gets things done, and by way of guilt and coercion the earthly goals of a pastor may be fulfilled.  However, the church should be concerned with God’s goals, not our goals.  Relying on Him, not guilt or shame, to make things happen. 

Verse 12
One of themselves, a prophet of their own, said, "Cretans are always liars, evil beasts, lazy gluttons."

The Cretan Condition
The introduction section discussed the character of Crete and Cretans.  They were pirates and thieves.  They were a whole island of cheats and liars.  Their entire culture was built upon deception and lifting up the traitor and the cheater.  They would pray to their gods to help them to cheat, lie and deceive better.  Paul is telling us that the culture of Crete is already predisposed for making these kinds of people (false teachers, idle talkers, deceivers).  And that the people would be desensitized to it, and may not easily recognize these people for who they were.

prophet
By “prophet” Paul does not mean a Biblical prophet.  He is not comparing this poet to Isaiah or Jeremiah, but in this generic sense it means “wise man” or “philosopher.”  Many have sighted him as Epimenides, a Cretan poet before the New Testament era.

liars
The meaning is quite clear.  The Greek word here is pseustes meaning “liar.”  It is where we get the English word “pseudo.”  We use this as a prefix to mean that something is false.  So a “pseudo-intellectual” is someone who is only pretending to be intellectually equipped. 

evil beasts
Evil beasts here means that they are uncontrollable.  The Cretans cannot be tamed, or controlled, they are unpredictable.  They are like wild animals.

lazy gluttons
This means that they are also the type to try to get out of work.  That is the purpose of all of their cheating and lying.  So they can take it easy and not have to work anymore. They are free-loaders.  What hope does the church have with these types of people around?  The hope, as we will see, is in the continual steadfast teaching of the word. 

Verse 13
This testimony is true. For this reason reprove them severely so that they may be sound in the faith,

This testimony is true
WOW!  This is shocking!  Paul doesn’t water it down, Paul doesn’t suggest that Titus and the elders he appoints should be “sensitive to their culture.” It simply says that it’s the truth!  The word for testimony here focuses on verifiable, visible evidence.  Saying, “you can go check it for yourself.”  And for this reason Titus and the elders are told to…

reprove them severely
They are to have a nice happy meeting with them?  Are they to kindly ask them to stop?  Are they to leave them alone and hope that they go away?  NO!  Absolutely NOT!
They are to “reprove them severely”!  Reprove means “to rebuke or to censure.”  It means confront them and tell them that they are off the mark.  Not simply hope it goes away in time, or hope that they “get better.” but to rebuke them.  Severely here is a compound word using the words for “from” and for “cut sharply.”  So this is decisive action, harsh action and serious action.  Not passive action, or “nice guy” action.  He is to act harshly in response to the culture.  He is not supposed to say “that’s their culture, so I should just accept it.” His supposed to tell them to leave their culture, change their culture, for it is not of God!  Culture is not a sacred thing!  It is the destroyer of Churches and theology throughout the generations.  Culture does not need to me considered, but disregarded. 


sound in the faith
Why should they do this?  Why do we need to be fighting the culture?  Why do elders need to be constantly on the lookout?  Because the lies of the culture are in opposition to soundness of faith.  They make an unsound faith.  They prevent the people in the Church from reaching spiritual maturity.  They are not to be rebuked sharply to make Titus feel better, nor are they to be rebuked because elders should like to fight.  They need to be rebuked for their own good.  For their own soundness of faith.  This term has also been translated “healthiness of faith.”

What a beautiful image of the church when it functions like it is supposed to.  The result of the church is healthy faith.  Think of the metaphor into physical health.  A physically healthy person is able to move, work, play, rest and live.  A healthy faith is one that provides the believer with the ability to live a free and healthy life, eat, work, serve, know and love the Lord in everything.   


[1] Zodhiates.  The Complete Word Study Dictionary.  P. 948.

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